Garrett Morgan

Early life and background

Garrett Augustus Morgan Sr. was born on March 4, 1877 in Paris, Kentucky. He was the seventh of eleven children born to former slaves Sidney Morgan and Elizabeth Reed. Growing up in a large, modest family, young Garrett Morgan learned the value of hard work and perseverance from an early age.

Childhood and Education

Morgan’s formal education was brief, lasting only through the sixth grade. Despite this, he shoed his interest in mechanical matters and had a curiosity about their functioning. At 14, Morgan left his hometown in search of better opportunities, a decision that put him on the path to becoming one of America’s most prolific inventors.

Moving to Cincinnati

In 1891, Morgan moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he found work as a maintenance worker for a wealthy landowner. This project gave him valuable experience and further informal learning. Always eager to learn, Morgan hired a tutor to help improve his literacy skills in his spare time.

Moving to Cleveland

In 1895, at the age of 18, Morgan moved to Cleveland, Ohio, the city that would be his home for the rest of his life. He soon found work repairing sewing machines for a textile company. This project sparked Morgan’s interest which began to earn him a reputation for being able to fix almost anything.

Early Inventions and Entrepreneurship

Morgan’s first invention happened during his time operating with sewing machines. He created a belt fastener development, which he sold in 1901. This early success advocated him to pursue inventing as a career.

In 1907, Morgan opened his own sewing device repair keep. His entrepreneurial skills, along with his cleverness, led to the expansion of his tailoring shop, which employed 32 individuals. Morgan’s shop manufactured suits, attire, and coats, all sewn with system he had developed himself.

The Hair Refining Cream

In 1909, whilst working on a stitching system, Morgan by accident determined a chemical formula that straightened hair. Recognizing the ability of this discovery, he tested it first on a neighbor’s dog before attempting it on his own hair. The result led him to establish the G.A. Morgan Hair Refining Company in 1913.

The business enterprise produced and offered hair care products, which include Morgan’s hair straightening cream. This business success helped Morgan with the monetary stability to pursue different innovations.

The Safety Hood

One of Morgan’s most popular invention was the safety hood. Morgan invented this tool in 1912 and patented it in 1914. mainly to protect firefighters from smoke inhalation. The safety hood consisted of a hood with two hoses that hung all the way down to the floor, allowing the wearer to breathe the clearer air located at floor level. A wet sponge was placed at the end of the hoses to filter smoke and cool the air.

The Lake Erie Tunnel Disaster

Morgan’s safety hood won wide interest in 1916 when he used it to rescue people trapped in a tunnel below Lake Erie. On July 25, 1916, an explosion passed off in a tunnel being dug underneath Lake Erie for a new water consumption system. The explosion filled the tunnel with fumes and smoke, trapping employees underground.

After the preliminary rescue try failed, a person thought of Morgan’s safety hood. Morgan and his brother have been referred to the scene. They used the hoods to go into the tunnel and rescue several men. This heroic act added Morgan big reputation and appreciation.

The Traffic Signal

Perhaps Morgan’s most famous invention is the three-position traffic signal. In 1923, after witnessing a collision between a car and a horse-drawn carriage, Morgan focussed to create a device to improve street protection.

His traffic signal was T-shaped with three positions: Stop, Go, and an all-directional stop. The third position halted traffic in all directions to permit pedestrians to pass the street correctly. Morgan’s layout became an improvement over the existing traffic signal, which had only two positions. Morgan received a patent for his traffic sign design in 1923 and later sold the rights to General Electric. This invention established the foundation for today’s global traffic light system.

Personal Life and Community Involvement

Garrett Morgan married Madge Nelson in 1896, however the marriage ended in divorce years later. In 1908, he married Mary Hasek, a Czech immigrant. Together, that they had 3 youngsters: John, Garrett Jr., and Cosmo.

Beyond his inventions and commercial enterprise ventures, Morgan become deeply involved in his community. In 1920, he founded a newspaper called the Cleveland Call. Later it was merged with another paper to become the Call and Post. This publication became an important voice for African Americans in Cleveland.

Later days and legacy

Despite his accomplishments, Morgan faced racism throughout his life. Often he had to hire white actors to portray his productions, as many people at the time were reluctant to buy a black inventor.

Morgan’s health began to decline in his later years, possibly due to the chemicals he used while his safety hood was being tested. His eyesight deteriorated, and by 1943 he was mostly blind.

Garrett Augustus Morgan Sr. died on July 27, 1963 in Cleveland, Ohio at age 86. He was buried in Lake View Cemetery in Cleveland. Morgan’s legacy lives on through his ideas that continue to influence our daily lives. The design of traffic signals laid the foundation for modern traffic designs, while its safety hood paved the way for civilian and military use of gas masks.

In recognition of his contributions, Morgan was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005. Several schools and streets have been named in his honor, and his life story continues to inspire inventors and entrepreneurs from diverse backgrounds in all cases.
Garrett Augustus Morgan Sr. life is a testament to the power of passion, patience and wisdom. From humble beginnings, he rose to become one of America’s most important inventors, leaving a lasting impact on public safety and technology. His story is an inspiration to aspiring innovators and a reminder of the often overlooked contributions of African Americans to American innovation and progress.

In recognition of his contributions, Morgan was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005. Several schools and streets have been named in his honor, and his life story continues to inspire inventors and entrepreneurs from diverse backgrounds.

From humble beginnings, he rose to become one of America’s most important inventors, leaving a lasting impact on public safety and technology. His story is an inspiration to aspiring innovators and a reminder of the often overlooked contributions of African Americans to American innovation and progress.