Guy de Maupassant

Introduction to Guy de Maupassant

Guy de Maupassant was a French writer who is widely regarded as one of the greatest short story writers of all time. He was born in 1850 in Normandy. He wrote more than 300 short stories and six novels during his lifetime.

Themes and Style of His Writing

Maupassant’s stories were known for their realism and diverse themes and styles. He depicted the harsh realities of the people in the countryside, the lower and middle classes, and the Franco-Prussian War. His stories also delved into the psychological aspects of human nature such as madness, obsession, and fear.

Influences and Mentorship

Maupassant was influenced by Gustave Flaubert who was his mentor. Flaubert encouraged him to write and even taught him the principles of literary realism. His life was filled with success as well as tragedy. While he experienced vast amount of fame and fortune as a writer, he also suffered from syphilis. The disease affected him mental well being which led him to develop a paranoid psychosis.

Decline in Mental and Physical Health

Guy de Maupassant’s final years were marked by a tragic decline in his mental and physical health. In 1891, he attempted suicide by cutting his throat with a paper knife. Following this incident, he was committed to the Maison de Santé, a mental asylum in Passy, Paris, in January 1892.

During his time there, Maupassant’s condition worsened rapidly. He experienced violent outbursts, hallucinations, and delusions. His behavior became increasingly erratic, at times believing he was a dog or that his urine contained diamonds.

Death and Cause

On July 6, 1893, at the age of 42, Guy de Maupassant passed away in the asylum. The cause of death was attributed to the final stages of syphilis, a disease he had contracted in his twenties. This illness, left untreated, had progressively damaged his nervous system and ultimately led to his mental deterioration.

Legacy in Literature

Despite his tragic end, Maupassant left behind a remarkable literary legacy. He is considered one of the greatest French short story writers, having produced nearly 300 stories in his brief career. His works, known for their economy of style and efficient storytelling, continue to influence writers today.

Continued Influence in Literature

Maupassant’s realistic depictions of everyday life in 19th-century France, coupled with his psychological insights, have secured his place as a master of literary realism. His stories and novels continue to be read, studied, and admired worldwide, cementing his status as a pivotal figure in French and world literature.