Peter Fraser

Early Life and Immigration

Peter Fraser was born in Scotland in 1884 and immigrated to New Zealand in 1910. He joined the Social Democratic Party after he became involved in the labour movement. He was elected to Parliament in 1918 as the MP for Wellington Central. His commitment to socialism led him to join the New Zealand Socialist Party before joining the Social Democratic Party.

Founding the New Zealand Labour Party

Fraser played a significant role in founding the New Zealand Labour Party in 1916. He rose to prominence within the Labour Party as a loyal supporter of its leader, Michael Savage. After the Labour Party won the 1935 election, Fraser was appointed to several key ministerial positions which included the Minister of Health and Minister of Education. He played a key role in implementing the Social Security Act in 1938 thereby establishing a comprehensive social welfare system in New Zealand.

Becoming Prime Minister

He became the Prime Minister in 1940 following Savage’s death. Fraser showcased tremendous leadership qualities as he led the country through the Second World War while maintaining a close alliance with Britain and the United States.

Post-War Leadership and Reforms

Following the conclusion of the war, Peter Fraser focused on domestic uses such as expanding social security, improving health and education services and promoting industrial development. He also played a key role in establishing the United Nations. He was also involved in strengthening relations between Australia and New Zealand due to the Canberra Pact of 1944.

Decline in Popularity and Final Years

Fraser’s popularity declined in his later years and he lost the 1949 general election to the National Party which was led by Sidney Holland. This marked the end of his tenure as Prime Minister. However, he remained as Leader of the Opposition until his death in 1950.